Study on the design of a monitoring framework of the EU One Health Action Plans against AMR and Council Recommendation on stepping up EU actions to combat antimicrobial resistance in a One Health approach

The report presents a monitoring framework for the EU’s 2017 One Health Action Plan against Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) and the 2023 Council Recommendation, focusing on a One Health approach. The framework evaluates the implementation, progress, and impact of these initiatives, integrating human, animal, and environmental health. It addresses legislative and non-legislative actions across EU-27, Iceland, and Norway, providing a flexible and cost-effective system for monitoring AMR interventions.